Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Tourism Management, Ocean University, Qingdao, China.

2 Department of Mathematic, Tabriz University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Deparatment of industrial Engineering, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

This study embarks on a data-driven exploration to understand the perceptions of overseas residents regarding the development of tourism in Qingdao, a significant coastal city in China. Despite the pivotal role of tourism in regional economic growth, the views of foreign residents, who can act as cultural ambassadors, have been relatively underexplored in existing literature. This research fills this gap by conducting a comprehensive questionnaire survey among Qingdao's overseas community. The survey aims to gather insights into the economic, socio-cultural, and environmental impacts of tourism as perceived by this unique demographic. The study utilizes advanced computational methods to analyze the collected data, offering a nuanced understanding of how variables such as age, income, and personal connections to tourism influence these perceptions. The findings reveal diverse viewpoints, shaped by various demographic factors, highlighting the complexity of tourism impact assessment from the perspective of foreign residents. This research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable tourism development, providing valuable inputs for policymakers and stakeholders in Qingdao to tailor tourism strategies that are more inclusive and representative of all residents' views. The results have broader implications for understanding the role of foreign residents in shaping the tourism landscape in global destinations.

Keywords

[1]     Rasinojehdehi, R., & Valami, H. B. (2023). A comprehensive neutrosophic model for evaluating the efficiency of airlines based on SBM model of network DEA. Decision making: applications in management and engineering, 6(2), 880–906. DOI:10.31181/dma622023729
[2]     Bagherzadeh Valami, H., & Raeinojehdehi, R. (2016). Ranking units in data envelopment analysis with fuzzy data. Journal of intelligent & fuzzy systems, 30, 2505–2516. DOI:10.3233/IFS-151756
[3]     Chen, Y. S., Lin, M. J. J., & Chang, C. H. (2009). The positive effects of relationship learning and absorptive capacity on innovation performance and competitive advantage in industrial markets. Industrial marketing management, 38(2), 152–158. DOI:10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.12.003
[4]     Hall, T. E. (2001). Opinion filters in recreation research: The effect of including “no opinion” and “not notice” response categories in questionnaires. Tourism analysis, 6(1), 1–15. DOI:10.3727/108354201108749700
[5]     Aaker, D. ., & Day, G. . (1990). Marketing research. John Wiley & Sons.
[6]     Kotler, P. (1994). Reconceptualizing marketing: An interview with Philip Kotler. European management journal, 12(4), 353–361. DOI:10.1016/0263-2373(94)90021-3
[7]     Jamebozorg, Z. (2022). Designing an emotional presence in virtual education. https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1297139/v1
[8]     Davari, A., & Rezazadeh, A. (2013). Structural equation modeling with PLS. Jahad University Publication. (In Persian). https://www.gisoom.com/book/11097132
[9]     Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In Advances in international marketing (Vol. 20, pp. 277–319). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. DOI: 10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014
[10]   Stone, W. E. (1975). Factors related to escape prediction (Doctoral Thesis, Sam Houston State University). https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/factors-related-escape-prediction
[11]   Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Evaluating model fit. In Structural equation modeling: concepts, issues, and applications (pp. 76–99). Sage Publications, Inc.
[12]   Almeida-García, F., Peláez-Fernández, M. Á., Balbuena-Vázquez, A., & Cortés-Macias, R. (2016). Residents’ perceptions of tourism development in Benalmádena (Spain). Tourism management, 54, 259–274. DOI:10.1016/j.tourman.2015.11.007
[13]   Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C. A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of tourism research, 32(4), 1056–1076. DOI:10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001
[14]   Hall, C. M., & Page, S. J. (2014). The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place and space. Routledge.
[15]   Kim, K., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2013). How does tourism in a community impact the quality of life of community residents? Tourism management, 36, 527–540. DOI:10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005
[16]   Vareiro, L. M. da C., Cristina Remoaldo, P., & Cadima Ribeiro, J. A. (2013). Residents’ perceptions of tourism impacts in Guimarães (Portugal): A cluster analysis. Current issues in tourism, 16(6), 535–551. DOI:10.1080/13683500.2012.707175
[17]   Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2011). Residents’ satisfaction with community attributes and support for tourism. Journal of hospitality and tourism research, 35(2), 171–190. DOI:10.1177/1096348010384600
[18]   Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Noor, S. M., & Jaafar, M. (2019). Positive and negative perceptions of residents toward tourism development: formative or reflective. Perspectives on asian tourism, Part F184, 247–271. DOI:10.1007/978-981-13-2463-5_12
[19]   Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Jaafar, M., Kock, N., & Ramayah, T. (2015). A revised framework of social exchange theory to investigate the factors influencing residents’ perceptions. Tourism management perspectives, 16, 335–345. DOI:10.1016/j.tmp.2015.10.001
[20]   Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2003). The meaning and measurement of destination image. The journal of tourism studies, 14(2), 37–48.
[21]   Krendel, E. S. (1970). A case study of citizen complaints as social indicators. IEEE transactions on systems science and cybernetics, 6(4), 265–272. DOI:10.1109/TSSC.1970.300300